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Cycle speedway is a form of bicycle racing on short oval dirt tracks, usually outdoors, occasionally indoors, typically 70–90 metres long. Like motorcycle speedway, riders use machines without brakes or multiple gears but, unlike motor speedway, the object is not to slide bikes round the turns. ==Origins== The origins of cycle speedway are obscure. It existed by the 1920s〔http://www.cyclespeedway.co.uk/html/history.html , retrieved January 2008〕 but appears to have taken off in the wreckage of post-war cities in Britain. With tracks cleared through the rubble, on bikes not otherwise roadworthy, and under the influence of motorcycle speedway, cycle speedway grew haphazardly as a way for young people to enjoy themselves in cities. London, with most bomb sites, led in organising races, in 1945.〔http://www.cyclespeedwayvets.org.uk/〕 There were more than 200 clubs in East London by 1950,〔Sports Reporter, 19 May 1950〕 with more than 20 in Walthamstow alone. The sport spread across the country. The Birmingham league had 22 teams in its first season. Coventry, Leicester, Wolverhampton and Cradley Heath followed. Intercity matches began in 1946. They were hampered by inconsistent rules, a problem resolved with the formation in 1950 of the National Amateur Cycle Speedway Association (NACSA). Consistent rules opened the way to national competitions and championships and then to international tournaments. Ten thousand watched the first international between England and the Netherlands at the Empress Hall, Earls Court, London on 26 October 1950.〔50 Years of Cycle Speedway(1997) BCSC, UK〕 The sport then declined as bomb sites were cleared and potential riders were drafted into the armed forces for National Service; cycle speedway once more became a local enthusiasm and many clubs closed. Enthusiasts tried to revive the sport in 1958 and organised a tournament billed as a world championship, with riders from the Netherlands, Sweden and Poland. The sport then became divided by an administrative civil war, a situation resolved with the formation in 1971 of the British Cycle Speedway Council.〔50 Years of Cycle Speedway (1997) British Cycle Speedway Council〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cycle speedway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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